Diagram below shows the air pressure build-up within the Surbo system as the Surbo is activated through Stages 1 to 3.
where P1 is the initial inlet absolute air pressure, P2 is the Surbo's pressure setting, and P3 is the back pressure formed by the temporarily decreased acceleration.
| Stages/ {Surbo System Component} | {Surbo (red), presses air into grey pipe} |
{Oil chamber, in orange} | {Governer, controlled by accelerator, in white box} | {Intake manifold, in light grey} | {Engine, bottom block in pink} | {Exhaust, not shown} |
| initial acceleration (Stage 1) | air flows straight through Surbo |
Accelerator is pressed and governer injects diesel for acceleration | normal absolute pressure | is main energy source in stage 1 | ||
| pressure accumulation (Stage 2) | Surbo begins to cross-jet the air and form vortex internally |
fills up with engine back pressure | Accelerator is held still for 1 second to reduce engine acceleration, to generate a backward air pressure towards the Surbo | fills up with engine back pressure | cylinder pressure increases due to lessened acceleration but air still rushing in | exhaust back pressure increases, ready to blast air out |
| vortex (Stage 3) | Surbo spins air within itself, drawing more air in |
acts as air pressure accumulator | Accelerator is pressed slightly more around the half way point | back air pressure level is maintained | higher cylinder compression because of moderately increased air pressure | blasts air out instantly because exhaust already under full back pressure |
| scavenging: pulling gases through (Stage 3 and afterwards) | Surbos's internal vortex suction pulls air in harder than before |
Airtight installation means all air suction is directed through air filter, making the flow continuous | half accelerator pressure prevents smoke and over-fueling so engine is strong | higher air density imparts more force to air to overcome flow friction losses | abundance of air to completely burn the diesel injected | higher mass flow to push through exhaust or turbocharger along it |
Read the similar study for petrol vehicles.
Related pages:
Watch the video above showing how an engine revs with Surbo. Or watch it with the How it works page.
Above: video of Volvo XC90 T8 with Surbo, sprinting to 130 kph.
Above: video of Volvo XC90 T8 with Surbo, sprinting to 211 kph.
Above: video of Volvo XC90 T8 with Surbo, sprinting to 224 kph.
More torque and BHP (dyno test)
Quick revving (1/2 throttle to RPM limit)
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